Myrcene

Monoterpene

Function

Myrcene is a monoterpene phytochemical found mainly in mangoes, hops, lemongrass, thyme, bay leaves, and additional aromatic plants. It contributes to earthy, herbal, and musky aromatic characteristics in essential oils and plant tissues.

Myrcene functions mainly as an aromatic terpene involved in oxidative stress modulation, membrane-associated signaling interactions, and cellular redox responses. Research has explored its effects on oxidative pathways, inflammatory mediators, and terpene-associated signaling systems.

Within plants, Myrcene contributes to ecological signaling, defense chemistry, and aromatic stress adaptation.

Production

Plants synthesize Myrcene through terpene biosynthesis pathways involving the mevalonate and methylerythritol phosphate systems. Essential oil glands and aromatic tissues accumulate terpene-rich compounds.

Environmental conditions, drying, storage, extraction methods, and plant maturity strongly influence Myrcene concentrations. Mango and hops are recognized dietary contributors.

After ingestion, Myrcene undergoes absorption, hepatic metabolism, oxidation, and elimination through detoxification pathways.

Regulation

Myrcene activity is regulated by essential oil concentration, food matrix interactions, intestinal absorption, hepatic metabolism, and oxidative environment. Volatility strongly influences stability and exposure.

Research suggests Myrcene may interact with oxidative stress pathways, inflammatory mediators, membrane-associated signaling systems, and redox-sensitive cellular responses. Biological effects depend on concentration, metabolism, and tissue localization.

Consumption from aromatic herbs, fruits, and botanical foods provides Myrcene together with additional terpenes, polyphenols, minerals, and phytochemicals that collectively contribute to antioxidant and aromatic signaling systems.

Chemical Identity

Molecular Formula: C10H16
Molar Mass: 136.238 g/mol

Key Biological Functions

  • Antioxidant; supports smooth-muscle tone balance (diet context).

Key Foods / Plant Sources

Top Foods
  • Bay leaf; thyme; hops
Additional Sources
  • Laurus nobilis; Thymus vulgaris; Humulus lupulus

Bioavailability & Inhibitors

Inhibitor / Factor Effect on Activity / Absorption
Volatile; oxidation on storage lowers levels.
Note: Factors relate to activation and cellular signaling context. Educational only.

Cellular Pathways Involved

  • Redox and tone pathways (diet context).

Low Intake / Context

  • Not a classical deficiency.

Linked Cancers

  • Inflammatory balance patterns

Linked Ailments / Conditions

  • Oxidative stress

SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON THE BODY

  • Immune: micro-defense
  • Cardio: endothelial
  • Digestive: EO
  • Skin: barrier
  • Cellular: buffering